Chapter 1: Measurements
- Units of measurement
- SI (Internations system of units)
- Metric system
- Metric units of measurement:
- Length - meter (m)
- Volume - Liter (L)
- Mass - gram (g)
- Temperature
- Time - seconds (s)
- Scientific notation
- Measured number
- Exact number
- Signifcant Figures
- Rounding numbers
- SI and metric prefixes
- Giga (G) — 109
- Mega (M) — 106
- kilo (k) —103
- centi (c) — 10-2
- milli (m) — 10-3
- micro (μ)
— 10-6
- nano (n) — 10-9
- Measurements
- Precision
- Accuracy
- Conversion factors
- 2.54 cm/in
- 5280 ft/mile
- 12 in/ft
- 3 ft/yd
- 454 g/lb
- 1 cm3 = 1 mL
- Percent as conversion factors
- Density (D = mass/vol)
- Specific gravity
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Chapter 2: Energy
- States of matter
- Solid
- Liquid
- Gas
- Energy
- Potential energy
- Kinetic energy
- Heat
- Temperature
- Celsius (oC)
- Fahrenheit (oF)
- oF = 1.8oC + 32
- Kelvin scale (K=oC+273)
- Absolute zero
- calorie (cal)
- Joule (J)
- 1 cal = 4.18 J
- Specific heat (S.H.)
- q = SH
x m
xΔT
- Change of state
- Melting point (solid to liquid)
- Freezing point (liquid to solid)
- Heat of fusion (energy to form solid)
- Sublimation (solid to gas)
- Boiling point
- Vaporization (liquid to gas)
- Condensation (gas to liquid)
- Heat of vaporization
- Heating (cooling) curve
- Heat of reaction
- Exothermic (release of energy)
- Endothermic (gain of energy)
- Equilibrium
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Chapter 3: Atoms & Elements
- Elements
- Chemical symbols
- Periodic table
- Groups (vertical columns)
- Alkali metals (Group I)
- Alkaline earth metals (Group II)
- Halogens (Group VII)
- Noble Gases (Group VIII)
- Periods (horizontal rows)
- Metals
- Non-metals (where are these?)
- Daltons atomic theory
- Atom
- Electron (negative)
- Proton (positive)
- Neutron (neutral)
- Atomic mass (amu)
- Isotopes (atoms with different numbers of
neutrons)
- Atomic number (Z)
- Mass number (protons + neutrons)
- Average atomic mass
- Electron arrangement
- Electron configurations (e.g., Na 1s2
2s2 2p6 3s1)
- Periodic law (why groups have similar
properties)
- Energy levels (n=1, 2, 3, etc.)
Chapter 4: Radioactivity
- Element
- Atomic number (Z)
- Isotope
- Isotope mass (number)
- α-particle (helium nucleus)
- β-particle (electron)
- Radioactive decay equations
- Half life
- Fusion
- Fission
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