Chemistry 108 - Review Sheet for Exam #3

As a guide for studying, you should be familiar with the concepts listed below.

Chapter 6: Energy
  • States of matter
  • Energy
  • Potential energy
  • Kinetic energy
  • Heat
  • Temperature
  • Celsius
  • Fahrenheit
  • oF = 1.8oC + 32
  • Kelvin scale
  • Absolute zero
  • calorie
  • joule (J)
  • 1 cal = 4.18 J
  • q = SH x m x DT
  • solid
  • liquid
  • gas
  • change of state
  • melting point
  • freezing point
  • heat of fusion
  • sublimation
  • boiling point
  • vaporization
  • condensation
  • heat of vaporization
  • heating (cooling) curve
  • heat of reaction
  • exothermic reaction
  • endothermic reaction
  • equilibrium

Chapter 7: Gases
  • Pressure
  • atmospheric pressure
  • barometer
  • 1 torr = 1 mm Hg
  • 1 atm = 760 mm Hg
  • vapor pressure
  • Boyle's Law (V=k/P)
  • P1V1 = P2V2
  • indirect relationship
  • Charles' Law (V=bT)
  • V1/T1 = V2/T2
  • direct relationship
  • Gay-Lussac's Law
  • Avogadro's Law
  • V = an
  • gSTP
  • Combined gas law
  • P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
  • PV=nRT
  • Partial pressure



Chapter 10: Modern Atomic Theory

orbital

principal energy levels

orbital sublevels

electron configuration

valence electrons

metals

non-metals

Sample problems: 25, 26, 27, 30, 41, 42, 45

Chapter 11: Chemical Bonding

bond

ionic bonding

ionic compound

covalent bonding

polar covalent bond

electronegativity

Lewis Structures

duet rule (H)

octet rule

bonding pair of electrons

lone pair of electrons

single bond

double bond

molecular geometry

linear

trigonal structure

tetrahedral structure

VSEPR theory

Sample problems: 5, 6, 12, 14, 18, 26, 38, 56, 60, 63, 66, 68, 77, 82, 83

Chapter 12: Gases

barometer

mm Hg

torr

standard atmosphere

Boyle's Law

absolute zero

Charles' Law

Avagadro's Law

universal gas constant

ideal gas law

molar volume

standard temperature pressure (STP)

Sample problems: 3,8,18,24,25,32,36,42,52,56,62,70,79,82,86,100

Chapter 15: Acids and Bases

Acid

Base

Bronsted-Lowry model

Proton Donor/Acceptor

Lewis acid

Electron pair donor/acceptor

Conjugate acid-base pair

conjugate acid

conjugate base

Strong Acid/Base

weak acid/base

neutral solution

[H+] concentration

pH = -log[H+]

hydronium ion

pH scale

buffered solution

Chapter 18:

oxidation

reduction

oxidation-reduction

half-reaction

anode

cathode

battery

oxidizing agent

reducing agent

oxidation number

electron-transfer reaction

activity series

Chapter 3

binary ionic compound (type I & II ionic; metal-nonmetal compounds)

type III binary compounds with only nonmetals

polyatomic ion (sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, phosphate)

naming acids (nitric, sulfuric, HCl, phosphoric)

memorize the chemical symbols of atoms 1-18

Dalton's atomic theory

atom (what subatomic particles are present in an atom?)

compound (difference between an element, or diatomic molecule)

chemical formulas (diatomic, monoatomic, binary, polyatomic)

electron (relative mass & number in atom)

nucleus (protons & neutrons and number of each in an atom)

isotopes (definition & designation - 126C)

periodic table & groups (similarity in chemical reactivity, valence, etc.)

alkali & alkaline earth metals (what groups are these? what is their valence?)

halogens & noble gases (group & valence)

transition metals (where are these in the periodic chart?)

nonmetals & metalloids (semimetals) (where are these in the periodic chart?)

diatomic molecules (e.g., H2 vs Ne vs Na)

ions, cations, & anions (valence of different elements & names of each)

matter & states of matter (solids, liquids & gases)

physical & chemical properties (what is the difference? give examples)

physical & chemical changes (what is the difference? give examples)

element, molecule, compound & mixtures (how do these differ?)

pure substance & solutions (definitions & examples)

homogeneous & heterogenous mixtures (give example)

distillation & filtration (differences & definitions)

energy - calorie, joule & specific heat capacity (values & definitions)

measurements, units, SI units (what are these units?)

mass, volume, length & density (what are the units of each?)

Fahrenheit & Celsius temperature conversions (can you convert between each?)

scientific notation & significant figures

Chemistry 60 - Review Sheet for Exam 3

November 16, 1998

Chapter 6: Chemical Reactions

chemical reaction

chemical equation

reactant

coefficient

product

balancing a chemical equation

Sample problems: 37, 40, 44, 74, 68

Chapter 7: Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Solubility Table 7.1

precipitation reaction

strong electrolyte

soluble solid

insoluble solid

molecule equation

complete ionic equation

spectator ions

net ionic equation

acid - strong acid

base - strong base

salt

Sample problems: 7, 14, 15, 16, 18, 25, 30, 33, 39, 40

Chapter 8: Classifying Chemical Reactions

oxidation-reduction reaction

combustion reaction

synthesis (combination) reaction

decomposition reaction

Sample problems: 4, 5, 10, 12, 14, 17, 21, 26

Other Concepts:

binary ionic compound (type I & II ionic)

type III binary compounds - nonmetals

polyatomic ion (sulfate, nitrate, carbonate, phosphate)

acids (nitric, sulfuric, HCl, phosphoric)

chemical symbols of atoms 1-18

chemical formulas (diatomic, monatomic, binary, polyatomic)

diatomic molecules (e.g., H2)

ions, cations, & anions

matter & states of matter

You should be familiar with each of the terms listed for each chapter. You should also solve the problems indicated. Study hard. Make certain you understand the concepts and problems. Exam is scheduled for November 18, 1998

Chapter 8: Chemical Composition

atomic mass unit (amu)

average atomic mass

mole

Avogadro's number

molar mass

mass percent

empirical formula

molecular formula

Sample problems: 5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 22, 27, 31, 35, 38, 39, 42, 45, 51, 55, 60, 61, 69, 75, 77, 89

Chapter 9: Chemical Quantities

mole ratio

stoichiometry

stoichiometric quantities

theoretical yield

percent yield

Sample problems: 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 19, 25, 27, 32, 41, 45, 51

Chapter 10: Modern Atomic Theory

orbital

principal energy levels

orbital sublevels

electron configuration

valence electrons

metals

non-metals

Sample problems: 25, 26, 27, 30, 41, 42, 45

Chapter 11: Chemical Bonding

bond

ionic bonding

ionic compound

covalent bonding

polar covalent bond

electronegativity

Lewis Structures

duet rule (H)

octet rule

bonding pair of electrons

lone pair of electrons

single bond

double bond

molecular geometry

linear

trigonal structure

tetrahedral structure

VSEPR theory

Sample problems: 5, 6, 12, 14, 18, 26, 38, 56, 60, 63, 66, 68, 77, 82, 83

Chapter 12: Gases

barometer

mm Hg

torr

standard atmosphere

Boyle's Law

absolute zero

Charles' Law

Avagadro's Law

universal gas constant

ideal gas law

molar volume

standard temperature pressure (STP)

Sample problems: 3,8,18,24,25,32,36,42,52,56,62,70,79,82,86,100

Chapter 15: Acids and Bases

Acid

Base

Bronsted-Lowry model

Proton Donor/Acceptor

Lewis acid

Electron pair donor/acceptor

Conjugate acid-base pair

conjugate acid

conjugate base

Strong Acid/Base

weak acid/base

neutral solution

[H+] concentration

pH = -log[H+]

hydronium ion

pH scale

buffered solution

Chapter 18:

oxidation

reduction

oxidation-reduction

half-reaction

anode

cathode

battery

oxidizing agent

reducing agent

oxidation number

electron-transfer reaction

activity series