• Organic chemistry
• Functional groups and names
  • Alcohols
  • Aldehydes
  • Ketones
  • Carboxylic acids
  • Amines
  • Haloalkanes
• Hydrocarbons (HC)
• Alkanes - saturated HC
• Alkane Names (Carbon No.)
  • 1 — Methane
  • 2 — Ethane
  • 3 — Propane
  • 4 — Butane
  • 5 — Pentane
  • 6 — Hexane
  • 7 — Heptane
  • 8 — Octane
  • 9 — Nonane
  • 10 — Decane
• Branched alkanes - naming
• Structural (constitutional) isomers
• Cycloalkane
• Chlorofluorocarbons (e.g. Freon)
• Combustion (reaction with O₂)

• Combustion Products — CO₂ & H₂O
• Aromatic hydrocarbons
• Benzene
• Toluene (methylbenzene)
• Aniline (aminobenzene)
• Benzoic acid
• Xylene (dimethylbenzene)

Chap 13: Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

• Alkene nomenclature (names)
• Alkynes (HC with triple bond)
• Geometric Isomers
• cis-trans isomers
• Addition reactions
• Hydrogenation (adding H₂)
• Halogenation (adding Br₂ or Cl₂)
• Hydrohalogenation (adding HCl or HBr)
• Markovnikov's Rule
• Hydration (adding HOH)
• Polymers from alkenes

• Alcohols
• Hydroxyl groups (R-OH)
• Aromatic alcohol - phenol
• IUPAC names (e.g., 2-pentanol)
• Functional group names (e.g., ethyl alcohol)
• Aromatic alcohol names (2-chlorophenol)
• Thiols (R-SH)
• Thiol names (e.g., 1-propanethiol)
• Alcohol solubility (H-bonds)
• Ethers (C-O-C)
• Naming ethers (diethyl ether; ethoxyethane)
• Ether solubility is water (H-bonding)
• Reactions of alcohols
• Combustion (yields CO₂ & H₂O)
• Dehydration (H⁺ catalysis; produces H₂O & alkene)
• Predicting alkene products (Zaitsev's rule)
• cis & trans stereoisomers

Alkyl groups you should know:

• methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, etc.
• isopropyl (1-methylethyl)
• isobutyl (2-methylpropyl)
• sec-butyl (1-methylpropyl)
• t-butyl (2-methylpropyl)